CVE-2025-46567Public exploit

Code execution via unrestricted torch.load deserialization

Published May 1, 2025 · Updated May 2, 2025

Unsafe deserialization in hiyouga LlamaFactory 0.9.2 and earlier allows context-dependent attackers to execute commands via crafted .bin files. The save_weight function in scripts/convert_ckpt/llamafy_baichuan2.py passes every .bin file from --input_dir to torch.load without weights_only=True, allowing pickle reducers to invoke commands. Exploitation requires a user to obtain an attacker-controlled project directory and run the converter against it, after which commands execute with that user's privileges.

CVSS severity6.1
Medium
EPSS probability0.27%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Unsafe deserialization in hiyouga LlamaFactory 0.9.2 and earlier allows context-dependent attackers to execute commands via crafted .bin files. The save_weight function in scripts/convert_ckpt/llamafy_baichuan2.py passes every .bin file from --input_dir to torch.load without weights_only=True, allowing pickle reducers to invoke commands. Exploitation requires a user to obtain an attacker-controlled project directory and run the converter against it, after which commands execute with that user's privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-46567
Published
May 1, 2025
Updated
May 2, 2025
Vendor
hiyouga
Product
LlamaFactory
Classifications
CWE-502, T1204.002
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 1, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 2, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 1.0.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

hiyouga · LlamaFactoryversion=< 1.0.0

Published CVSS scores

7.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
6.1GitHub, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-502Deserialization of Untrusted Data
T1204.002Malicious File

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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