CVE-2025-45931Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Remote command execution via unsanitized HTTP parameter

Published Jun 30, 2025 · Updated Jul 5, 2026

Command injection in D-Link DIR-816 A2 firmware 1.10CNB05 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands through the web server. The /bin/goahead handler reads the statuscheckpppoeuser HTTP parameter, checks only its first two characters, and passes attacker-controlled data to system(), which executes with root privileges. The CISA assessment treats the path as unauthenticated, but the published analysis leaves the exact endpoint and runtime trigger unconfirmed.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability0.89%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Command injection in D-Link DIR-816 A2 firmware 1.10CNB05 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands through the web server. The /bin/goahead handler reads the statuscheckpppoeuser HTTP parameter, checks only its first two characters, and passes attacker-controlled data to system(), which executes with root privileges. The CISA assessment treats the path as unauthenticated, but the published analysis leaves the exact endpoint and runtime trigger unconfirmed.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-45931
Published
Jun 30, 2025
Updated
Jul 5, 2026
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-77, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jun 30, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jul 5, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

9.8CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-77Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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