CVE-2025-45858Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Authenticated root command execution via devicemac parameter

Published May 13, 2025 · Updated May 13, 2025

OS command injection in TOTOLINK A3002R 4.0.0-B20230531.1404 allows remote authenticated users to execute commands as root. The FUN_00459fdc handler inserts the devicemac%d POST parameter into a command string without validating shell metacharacters and passes it to system(). A valid sessionCheck token and crafted deviceNum, enabled1, and devicemac1 values reach the root-privileged execution path.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability10.71%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

OS command injection in TOTOLINK A3002R 4.0.0-B20230531.1404 allows remote authenticated users to execute commands as root. The FUN_00459fdc handler inserts the devicemac%d POST parameter into a command string without validating shell metacharacters and passes it to system(). A valid sessionCheck token and crafted deviceNum, enabled1, and devicemac1 values reach the root-privileged execution path.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-45858
Published
May 13, 2025
Updated
May 13, 2025
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-78, T1059
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 13, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 13, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

9.8CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-78Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
T1059Command and Scripting Interpreter

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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