CVE-2025-45769Network attack vector

JWS integrity loss via unvalidated short keys

Published Jul 31, 2025 · Updated Feb 18, 2026

Inadequate key-strength validation in php-jwt before 7.0.0 allows remote attackers to compromise JWS integrity when applications use short keys. The JWT signing and verification paths passed HMAC secrets and RSA keys to PHP cryptographic functions without enforcing algorithm-specific minimum lengths. The record is disputed because applications select the keys, so exposure exists only where an application supplies undersized signing material.

CVSS severity6.5
Medium
EPSS probability0.14%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Inadequate key-strength validation in php-jwt before 7.0.0 allows remote attackers to compromise JWS integrity when applications use short keys. The JWT signing and verification paths passed HMAC secrets and RSA keys to PHP cryptographic functions without enforcing algorithm-specific minimum lengths. The record is disputed because applications select the keys, so exposure exists only where an application supplies undersized signing material.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-45769
Published
Jul 31, 2025
Updated
Feb 18, 2026
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-326
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 31, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 18, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

6.5CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
2.7GitHubCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-326Inadequate Encryption Strength

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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