CVE-2025-45768Network attack vector

Token forgery via application-selected weak signing keys

Published Jul 31, 2025 · Updated Aug 14, 2025

Inadequate encryption strength in PyJWT 2.10.1 allows remote attackers to forge JWS tokens signed with application-selected short keys. The reported JWS HMAC and RSA paths accept caller-supplied signing keys without enforcing a minimum length, so security depends on the application's key choice. The supplier disputes the CVE on that basis, and no affected code line, library-generated weak key, or demonstrated exploit has been published.

CVSS severity7.0
High
EPSS probability0.17%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Inadequate encryption strength in PyJWT 2.10.1 allows remote attackers to forge JWS tokens signed with application-selected short keys. The reported JWS HMAC and RSA paths accept caller-supplied signing keys without enforcing a minimum length, so security depends on the application's key choice. The supplier disputes the CVE on that basis, and no affected code line, library-generated weak key, or demonstrated exploit has been published.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-45768
Published
Jul 31, 2025
Updated
Aug 14, 2025
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-311
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 31, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 14, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

7.0CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-311Missing Encryption of Sensitive Data

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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