CVE-2025-45691Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Arbitrary file read via forged image URL

Published Mar 5, 2026 · Updated Mar 5, 2026

Arbitrary file read in ImageTextPromptValue in Exploding Gradients RAGAS 0.2.3 through 0.2.14 allows remote attackers to read local files. Image detection trusts a URL fragment such as #payload.jpg as an image extension, while urllib.request.urlopen ignores the fragment and dereferences a file:// URL. Exploitation requires attacker-controlled data to reach retrieved_contexts during multimodal processing; disclosure is limited to files readable by the RAGAS process.

CVSS severity7.5
High
EPSS probability0.53%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Arbitrary file read in ImageTextPromptValue in Exploding Gradients RAGAS 0.2.3 through 0.2.14 allows remote attackers to read local files. Image detection trusts a URL fragment such as #payload.jpg as an image extension, while urllib.request.urlopen ignores the fragment and dereferences a file:// URL. Exploitation requires attacker-controlled data to reach retrieved_contexts during multimodal processing; disclosure is limited to files readable by the RAGAS process.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-45691
Published
Mar 5, 2026
Updated
Mar 5, 2026
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-918, CWE-22, CWE-770, T1005
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 5, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 5, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

7.5CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
7.5Red Hat SADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
7.7GitHub Advisory DatabaseCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-918Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
CWE-22Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
CWE-770Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
T1005Data from Local System

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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