CVE-2025-45512Public exploit

Code execution via unsigned firmware installation

Published Aug 5, 2025 · Updated Aug 7, 2025

Improper firmware verification in DENX Software Engineering U-Boot 1.1.3 allows physically proximate attackers to execute arbitrary code. The reported update path installs a crafted firmware image without authenticating its cryptographic signature. Exploitation requires physical UART console access and writable SPI flash; the public PoC simulates the image write, and upstream disputes the report.

CVSS severity6.5
Medium
EPSS probability0.31%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper firmware verification in DENX Software Engineering U-Boot 1.1.3 allows physically proximate attackers to execute arbitrary code. The reported update path installs a crafted firmware image without authenticating its cryptographic signature. Exploitation requires physical UART console access and writable SPI flash; the public PoC simulates the image write, and upstream disputes the report.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-45512
Published
Aug 5, 2025
Updated
Aug 7, 2025
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-77, T1601.001
Attack vector
physical
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 5, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 7, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorphysical
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

6.5CISA ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
6.5UbuntuCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
6.9SUSECVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
6.5SUSECVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorphysical
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-77Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
T1601.001Patch System Image

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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