CVE-2025-4546Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Spreadsheet formula execution via unsanitized knowledge-base export

Published May 11, 2025 · Updated May 12, 2025

CSV injection in 1Panel-dev MaxKB 1.10.0 through 1.10.7 allows remote authenticated users to plant formulas in exported knowledge-base files. The export path in apps/dataset/serializers/document_serializers.py writes spreadsheet cell values without neutralizing leading formula characters. An attacker needs knowledge-base upload access, and another user must export and open the file in formula-evaluating spreadsheet software, enabling actions in that user's desktop context.

CVSS severity8.8
High
EPSS probability0.66%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

CSV injection in 1Panel-dev MaxKB 1.10.0 through 1.10.7 allows remote authenticated users to plant formulas in exported knowledge-base files. The export path in apps/dataset/serializers/document_serializers.py writes spreadsheet cell values without neutralizing leading formula characters. An attacker needs knowledge-base upload access, and another user must export and open the file in formula-evaluating spreadsheet software, enabling actions in that user's desktop context.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-4546
Published
May 11, 2025
Updated
May 12, 2025
Vendor
KubeOperator
Product
MaxKB
Classifications
CWE-74, CWE-1236, T1204.002
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 11, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 12, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=1.10.0
  2. Affected versionversion=1.10.1
  3. Affected versionversion=1.10.2
  4. Affected versionversion=1.10.3
  5. Affected versionversion=1.10.4
  6. Affected versionversion=1.10.5
  7. Affected versionversion=1.10.6
  8. Affected versionversion=1.10.7

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

KubeOperator · MaxKBversion=1.10.0; version=1.10.1; version=1.10.2; version=1.10.3; version=1.10.4; version=1.10.5; version=1.10.6; version=1.10.7

Published CVSS scores

5.8VulDB CNAAV:N/AC:L/Au:M/C:P/I:P/A:P
5.1VulDB CNACVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
8.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.7VulDB CNACVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-74Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
CWE-1236Improper Neutralization of Formula Elements in a CSV File
T1204.002Malicious File

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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