CVE-2025-44846Known exploitationPublic exploitNetwork attack vector

Authenticated command execution via unsanitized firmware URL

Published May 1, 2025 · Updated May 1, 2025

Command injection in TOTOLINK CA600-PoE 5.3c.6665_B20180820 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary system commands. The recvUpgradeNewFw firmware-upgrade handler passes the fwUrl request value, including shell metacharacters, into a system command without adequate neutralization. A valid web session is required to send the crafted cstecgi.cgi request, and successful exploitation executes commands in the device firmware context.

CVSS severity6.3
Medium
EPSS probability0.89%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationReported
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Command injection in TOTOLINK CA600-PoE 5.3c.6665_B20180820 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary system commands. The recvUpgradeNewFw firmware-upgrade handler passes the fwUrl request value, including shell metacharacters, into a system command without adequate neutralization. A valid web session is required to send the crafted cstecgi.cgi request, and successful exploitation executes commands in the device firmware context.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-44846
Published
May 1, 2025
Updated
May 1, 2025
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-77, T1059
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 1, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 1, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
  3. Jan 20, 2026Exploitation reportedShadowserver reported exploitation evidence

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

9.3VulnCheckCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
6.3CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationReported
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-77Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
T1059Command and Scripting Interpreter

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Reported exploitation

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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