CVE-2025-42615Network attack vector

Account takeover via unlimited OTP guessing

Published Dec 8, 2025 · Updated Dec 8, 2025

Authentication throttling failure in CIRCL Vulnerability-Lookup before 2.18.0 allows remote authenticated users to brute-force OTPs. The verify_two_factor_auth route accepted unlimited invalid codes because it neither recorded failures nor enforced a lockout. A valid username and password plus enabled 2FA are required; successful guessing completes login and exposes the victim account.

CVSS severity8.1
High
EPSS probability0.41%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Authentication throttling failure in CIRCL Vulnerability-Lookup before 2.18.0 allows remote authenticated users to brute-force OTPs. The verify_two_factor_auth route accepted unlimited invalid codes because it neither recorded failures nor enforced a lockout. A valid username and password plus enabled 2FA are required; successful guessing completes login and exposes the victim account.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-42615
Published
Dec 8, 2025
Updated
Dec 8, 2025
Vendor
Computer Incident Response Center Luxembourg (CIRCL)
Product
Vulnerability-Lookup
Classifications
CWE-307, CAPEC-115, T1110.001
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Dec 8, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Dec 8, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <2.18.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Computer Incident Response Center Luxembourg (CIRCL) · Vulnerability-Lookupversion=0 <2.18.0

Published CVSS scores

8.1ENISACVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:A/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-307Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
CAPEC-115Authentication Bypass
T1110.001Password Guessing

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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