CVE-2025-42598

SYSTEM code execution via overwriteable driver DLLs

Published Apr 28, 2025 · Updated Apr 28, 2025

Improper permissions in Epson Printer Drivers for Windows allow local users to execute arbitrary code with SYSTEM privileges through a crafted DLL. In non-English installations or after a language change, driver-managed DLL files are overwriteable, allowing a crafted replacement to run with the driver's account privileges. Exploitation requires a user to place the DLL in an attacker-chosen location; successful execution grants full SYSTEM control.

CVSS severity8.4
High
EPSS probability0.20%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper permissions in Epson Printer Drivers for Windows allow local users to execute arbitrary code with SYSTEM privileges through a crafted DLL. In non-English installations or after a language change, driver-managed DLL files are overwriteable, allowing a crafted replacement to run with the driver's account privileges. Exploitation requires a user to place the DLL in an attacker-chosen location; successful execution grants full SYSTEM control.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-42598
Published
Apr 28, 2025
Updated
Apr 28, 2025
Vendor
Seiko Epson Corporation
Product
Epson Printer Drivers for Windows
Classifications
CWE-276, T1574.002
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 28, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 28, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=see the information provided by SEIKO EPSON CORPORATION.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Seiko Epson Corporation · Epson Printer Drivers for Windowsversion=see the information provided by SEIKO EPSON CORPORATION.

Published CVSS scores

8.4JPCERT/CCCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
7.8JPCERT/CCCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-276Incorrect Default Permissions
T1574.002DLL Side-Loading

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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