CVE-2025-4230

Root command execution via CLI command injection

Published Jun 12, 2025 · Updated Feb 26, 2026

Command injection in Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS 10.1, 10.2, 11.1, and 11.2 allows remote authenticated users to run commands as root. Palo Alto Networks has not disclosed the affected CLI command handler or how it passes attacker-controlled input to an operating-system command. Administrator privileges and CLI access are required; successful exploitation bypasses command restrictions and grants root-level command execution.

CVSS severity8.4
High
EPSS probability0.62%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Command injection in Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS 10.1, 10.2, 11.1, and 11.2 allows remote authenticated users to run commands as root. Palo Alto Networks has not disclosed the affected CLI command handler or how it passes attacker-controlled input to an operating-system command. Administrator privileges and CLI access are required; successful exploitation bypasses command restrictions and grants root-level command execution.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-4230
Published
Jun 12, 2025
Updated
Feb 26, 2026
Vendor
Palo Alto Networks
Product
PAN-OS
Classifications
CWE-78, CAPEC-248, T1059
Attack vector
local
Privileges
admin

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jun 12, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 26, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=10.1.0 <10.1.14-h15 changes=[{"at":"10.1.14-h15","status":"unaffected"}]
  2. Affected versionversion=10.2.0 <10.2.14 changes=[{"at":"10.2.14","status":"unaffected"}]
  3. Affected versionversion=11.1.0 <11.1.10 changes=[{"at":"11.1.10","status":"unaffected"}]
  4. Affected versionversion=11.2.0 <11.2.6 changes=[{"at":"11.2.6","status":"unaffected"}]

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesadmin

What is affected?

Palo Alto Networks · PAN-OSversion=10.1.0 <10.1.14-h15 changes=[{"at":"10.1.14-h15","status":"unaffected"}]; version=10.2.0 <10.2.14 changes=[{"at":"10.2.14","status":"unaffected"}]; version=11.1.0 <11.1.10 changes=[{"at":"11.1.10","status":"unaffected"}]; version=11.2.0 <11.2.6 changes=[{"at":"11.2.6","status":"unaffected"}]

Published CVSS scores

5.7Palo Alto NetworksCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/R:U/V:D/U:Amber
8.4Palo Alto NetworksCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesadmin
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-78Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CAPEC-248Command Injection
T1059Command and Scripting Interpreter

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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