CVE-2025-41702Network attack vector

Authentication bypass via hard-coded JWT secret

Published Aug 26, 2025 · Updated Aug 26, 2025

Hard-coded key use in Welotec egOS WebGUI before 1.7.7 and 1.8.0 through 1.8.1 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication. The backend embeds an HS256 JWT secret that the default user can read, allowing forged tokens to pass signature checks and reach protected API endpoints. No credentials or user interaction are required over a reachable network interface, and a forged token grants the protected API privileges encoded in it.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability0.52%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Hard-coded key use in Welotec egOS WebGUI before 1.7.7 and 1.8.0 through 1.8.1 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication. The backend embeds an HS256 JWT secret that the default user can read, allowing forged tokens to pass signature checks and reach protected API endpoints. No credentials or user interaction are required over a reachable network interface, and a forged token grants the protected API privileges encoded in it.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-41702
Published
Aug 26, 2025
Updated
Aug 26, 2025
Vendor
Welotec
Product
EG500 Mk2 Headless
Classifications
CWE-321, T1606
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 26, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 26, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0.0.0 <<v1.7.7
  2. Affected versionversion=v1.8.0 <v1.8.2

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Welotec · EG500 Mk2 Headlessversion=0.0.0 <<v1.7.7; version=v1.8.0 <v1.8.2
Welotec · EG802W_i7_512GB_w/o DinRailversion=0.0.0 <<v1.7.7; version=v1.8.0 <v1.8.2
Welotec · EG603W Mk2version=0.0.0 <<v1.7.7; version=v1.8.0 <v1.8.2
Welotec · EG500 Mk2version=0.0.0 <<v1.7.7; version=0.0.0 <v1.7.7; version=v1.8.0 <v1.8.2
Welotec · EG802Wversion=0.0.0 <<v1.7.7; version=v1.8.0 <v1.8.2
Welotec · EG503Lversion=0.0.0 <v1.7.7; version=v1.8.0 <v1.8.2
Welotec · EG602Lversion=0.0.0 <<v1.7.7; version=v1.8.0 <v1.8.2
Welotec · EG603L Mk2version=0.0.0 <<v1.7.7; version=v1.8.0 <v1.8.2
Welotec · EG503Wversion=0.0.0 <v1.7.7; version=v1.8.0 <v1.8.2
Welotec · EG804Wversion=0.0.0 <<v1.7.7; version=v1.8.0 <v1.8.2
Welotec · EG400 Mk2version=0.0.0 <v1.7.7; version=v1.8.0 <v1.8.2
Welotec · EG804W Proversion=0.0.0 <<v1.7.7; version=v1.8.0 <v1.8.2
Welotec · EG602Wversion=0.0.0 <<v1.7.7; version=v1.8.0 <v1.8.2
Welotec · EG802W_i7_512GB_DinRailversion=0.0.0 <<v1.7.7; version=v1.8.0 <v1.8.2

Published CVSS scores

9.8CERT@VDECVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-321Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key
T1606Forge Web Credentials

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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