CVE-2025-41235Network attack vector

Request integrity compromise via untrusted header forwarding

Published May 30, 2025 · Updated May 30, 2025

Improper HTTP header handling in Spring Cloud Gateway Server allows remote attackers to alter downstream request identity via proxy headers. The Forwarded and X-Forwarded request-header filters relay attacker-supplied values without first restricting accepted sources to trusted proxies. An unauthenticated client reaching this forwarding path can falsify client-address or forwarding metadata consumed by downstream services.

CVSS severity8.6
High
EPSS probability0.34%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

Improper HTTP header handling in Spring Cloud Gateway Server allows remote attackers to alter downstream request identity via proxy headers. The Forwarded and X-Forwarded request-header filters relay attacker-supplied values without first restricting accepted sources to trusted proxies. An unauthenticated client reaching this forwarding path can falsify client-address or forwarding metadata consumed by downstream services.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-41235
Published
May 30, 2025
Updated
May 30, 2025
Vendor
VMware
Product
Spring Cloud Gateway Server MVC
Classifications
CWE-444
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 30, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 30, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=4.1.7 - 4.2.2, 4.3.0-{M1, M2, RC1} <4.3.0, 4.2.3, 4.1.8

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

VMware · Spring Cloud Gateway Server MVCversion=4.1.7 - 4.2.2, 4.3.0-{M1, M2, RC1} <4.3.0, 4.2.3, 4.1.8
VMware · Spring Cloud Gatewayversion=2.2.10.RELEASE - 4.2.2, 4.3.0-{M1, M2, RC1} <4.3.0, 4.2.3, 4.1.8, 4.0.12, 3.1.10

Published CVSS scores

8.6VMwareCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-444Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo