CVE-2025-41232Network attack vector

Authorization bypass via reference-identity method comparison

Published May 21, 2025 · Updated Feb 26, 2026

Authorization bypass in Spring Security 6.4.0 through 6.4.5 allows remote attackers to invoke security-annotated private methods. UniqueSecurityAnnotationScanner.findMethod compares AspectJ-woven Method objects by reference identity, so equal method representations fail to match and their security annotations are missed. Exposure requires AspectJ method security, spring-security-aspects, and a security-annotated private method reachable through application code; confidentiality and integrity are affected, not availability.

CVSS severity9.1
Critical
EPSS probability0.62%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Authorization bypass in Spring Security 6.4.0 through 6.4.5 allows remote attackers to invoke security-annotated private methods. UniqueSecurityAnnotationScanner.findMethod compares AspectJ-woven Method objects by reference identity, so equal method representations fail to match and their security annotations are missed. Exposure requires AspectJ method security, spring-security-aspects, and a security-annotated private method reachable through application code; confidentiality and integrity are affected, not availability.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-41232
Published
May 21, 2025
Updated
Feb 26, 2026
Vendor
Spring
Product
Spring Security
Classifications
CWE-693, T1068
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 21, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 26, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=6.4.x <6.4.6

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Spring · Spring Securityversion=6.4.x <6.4.6

Published CVSS scores

9.1VMwareCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-693Protection Mechanism Failure
T1068Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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