CVE-2025-4106Network attack vector

Admin diagnostic shell access via leftover command

Published Oct 24, 2025 · Updated Oct 24, 2025

Active debug code in WatchGuard Fireware OS allows remote authenticated users to enable a diagnostic shell on affected Fireboxes. The WebUI accepts a platform- and version-specific diagnostic package, after which a leftover CLI diagnostic command activates the shell. Exploitation requires an administrator account with access to both management interfaces and grants interactive diagnostic shell access.

CVSS severity8.9
High
EPSS probability0.30%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Active debug code in WatchGuard Fireware OS allows remote authenticated users to enable a diagnostic shell on affected Fireboxes. The WebUI accepts a platform- and version-specific diagnostic package, after which a leftover CLI diagnostic command activates the shell. Exploitation requires an administrator account with access to both management interfaces and grants interactive diagnostic shell access.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-4106
Published
Oct 24, 2025
Updated
Oct 24, 2025
Vendor
WatchGuard Technologies, Inc.
Product
Fireware OS
Classifications
CWE-489, CAPEC-121, T1059
Attack vector
network
Privileges
admin

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Oct 24, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 24, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=12.0 <12.11.2

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesadmin

What is affected?

WatchGuard Technologies, Inc. · Fireware OSversion=12.0 <12.11.2

Published CVSS scores

8.9WatchGuard Technologies, Inc.CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesadmin
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-489Active Debug Code
CAPEC-121Exploit Non-Production Interfaces
T1059Command and Scripting Interpreter

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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