CVE-2025-41028Network attack vector

Unauthenticated database manipulation via sEstadoUsr SQL injection

Published Oct 20, 2025 · Updated Oct 20, 2025

SQL injection in Grupo Castilla Epsilon RH 3.03.36.010 allows remote attackers to read, create, update, and delete database records. The WSAvisos.asmx endpoint uses attacker-controlled sEstadoUsr input from a POST request in a database operation without neutralizing SQL syntax. No authentication or user interaction is required, and successful exploitation grants direct read and write access to the application database.

CVSS severity9.3
Critical
EPSS probability0.44%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

SQL injection in Grupo Castilla Epsilon RH 3.03.36.010 allows remote attackers to read, create, update, and delete database records. The WSAvisos.asmx endpoint uses attacker-controlled sEstadoUsr input from a POST request in a database operation without neutralizing SQL syntax. No authentication or user interaction is required, and successful exploitation grants direct read and write access to the application database.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-41028
Published
Oct 20, 2025
Updated
Oct 20, 2025
Vendor
Grupo Castilla
Product
Epsilon RH
Classifications
CWE-89, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Oct 20, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 20, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=3.03.36.010

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Grupo Castilla · Epsilon RHversion=3.03.36.010

Published CVSS scores

9.3Spanish National Cybersecurity Institute, S.A. (INCIBE)CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-89Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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