CVE-2025-4094Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Unauthenticated account takeover via unlimited OTP guesses

Published May 21, 2025 · Updated Aug 27, 2025

Authentication bypass in UnitedOver Digits before 8.4.6.1 allows remote attackers to take over accounts via OTP brute force. The OTP validation flow accepts repeated guesses without rate limiting, allowing the finite verification code to be enumerated. No authentication or user interaction is required; a correct guess grants access to the targeted account, including an administrator account.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability15.78%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Authentication bypass in UnitedOver Digits before 8.4.6.1 allows remote attackers to take over accounts via OTP brute force. The OTP validation flow accepts repeated guesses without rate limiting, allowing the finite verification code to be enumerated. No authentication or user interaction is required; a correct guess grants access to the targeted account, including an administrator account.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-4094
Published
May 21, 2025
Updated
Aug 27, 2025
Vendor
UnitedOver
Product
Digits
Classifications
CWE-307, T1110
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 21, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 27, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <8.4.6.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

UnitedOver · Digitsversion=0 <8.4.6.1

Published CVSS scores

9.8CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-307Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
T1110Brute Force

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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