CVE-2025-40906Network attack vector

Memory corruption and service interruption via bundled libbson

Published May 16, 2025 · Updated Sep 9, 2025

Multiple flaws in MongoDB BSON::XS 0.8.4 and earlier allow remote attackers to corrupt memory or interrupt services via crafted BSON data. The bundled libbson 1.1.7 miscalculates validation lengths and buffer allocations and can free memory at a negative offset when processing hostile BSON. Exposure requires a consuming Perl application to pass attacker-controlled data to the XS encoder or decoder; consequences include heap over-read, memory corruption, and crash.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability0.61%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Multiple flaws in MongoDB BSON::XS 0.8.4 and earlier allow remote attackers to corrupt memory or interrupt services via crafted BSON data. The bundled libbson 1.1.7 miscalculates validation lengths and buffer allocations and can free memory at a negative offset when processing hostile BSON. Exposure requires a consuming Perl application to pass attacker-controlled data to the XS encoder or decoder; consequences include heap over-read, memory corruption, and crash.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-40906
Published
May 16, 2025
Updated
Sep 9, 2025
Vendor
MongoDB
Product
BSON::XS
Classifications
CWE-1104, CWE-122, CWE-190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 16, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 9, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <=0.8.4

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

MongoDB · BSON::XSversion=0 <=0.8.4

Published CVSS scores

9.8CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-1104Use of Unmaintained Third Party Components
CWE-122Heap-based Buffer Overflow
CWE-190Integer Overflow or Wraparound

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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