CVE-2025-40710Network attack vector

Traffic redirection via trusted forged Host headers

Published Jun 30, 2025 · Updated Jun 30, 2025

Host header injection in Hotspot Shield VPN 12.9.2 allows remote attackers to redirect tunneled HTTP requests with a forged Host header. The client's outgoing-request handler trusts the supplied Host header when selecting where an HTTP request is redirected or forwarded instead of preserving the intended destination. Exploitation requires traffic through an active VPN tunnel and passive user activity; the bounded effects are an open redirect or delivery to attacker-controlled infrastructure.

CVSS severity2.3
Low
EPSS probability0.27%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Host header injection in Hotspot Shield VPN 12.9.2 allows remote attackers to redirect tunneled HTTP requests with a forged Host header. The client's outgoing-request handler trusts the supplied Host header when selecting where an HTTP request is redirected or forwarded instead of preserving the intended destination. Exploitation requires traffic through an active VPN tunnel and passive user activity; the bounded effects are an open redirect or delivery to attacker-controlled infrastructure.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-40710
Published
Jun 30, 2025
Updated
Jun 30, 2025
Vendor
Hotspot Shield
Product
Hotspot Shield VPN
Classifications
CWE-74, T1565.002
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jun 30, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jun 30, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=12.9.2

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Hotspot Shield · Hotspot Shield VPNversion=12.9.2

Published CVSS scores

2.3INCIBECVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:L/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-74Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
T1565.002Transmitted Data Manipulation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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