CVE-2025-40634Network attack vector

Unauthenticated code execution via conn-indicator stack overflow

Published May 20, 2025 · Updated May 20, 2025

Stack-based buffer overflow in TP-Link Archer AX50 firmware before 1.0.15 build 241203 rel61480 allows remote attackers to execute code. INCIBE identifies the root-running conn-indicator binary as the locus but does not disclose the triggering input or unsafe memory operation. No authentication or user interaction is required, and crafted traffic reaching the router over a LAN or WAN can yield root-level device control.

CVSS severity9.2
Critical
EPSS probability0.66%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Stack-based buffer overflow in TP-Link Archer AX50 firmware before 1.0.15 build 241203 rel61480 allows remote attackers to execute code. INCIBE identifies the root-running conn-indicator binary as the locus but does not disclose the triggering input or unsafe memory operation. No authentication or user interaction is required, and crafted traffic reaching the router over a LAN or WAN can yield root-level device control.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-40634
Published
May 20, 2025
Updated
May 20, 2025
Vendor
TP-Link
Product
Archer AX50
Classifications
CWE-121, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 20, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 20, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <1.0.15 build 241203 rel61480

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

TP-Link · Archer AX50version=0 <1.0.15 build 241203 rel61480

Published CVSS scores

9.2INCIBECVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-121Stack-based Buffer Overflow
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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