CVE-2025-40319Public exploit

Kernel crash via unsynchronized BPF ring-buffer IRQ work

Published Dec 8, 2025 · Updated Aug 5, 2026

Use-after-free in the Linux kernel BPF ring buffer allows local users to crash the kernel by racing deferred IRQ work. The bpf_ringbuf_free path unmaps and releases the buffer without synchronizing irq_work queued by bpf_ringbuf_commit, so the IRQ worker reads freed memory. Triggering the race requires local low-privileged access and a BPF program attached to sched_switch; the demonstrated consequence is a kernel crash.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability0.14%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Use-after-free in the Linux kernel BPF ring buffer allows local users to crash the kernel by racing deferred IRQ work. The bpf_ringbuf_free path unmaps and releases the buffer without synchronizing irq_work queued by bpf_ringbuf_commit, so the IRQ worker reads freed memory. Triggering the race requires local low-privileged access and a BPF program attached to sched_switch; the demonstrated consequence is a kernel crash.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-40319
Published
Dec 8, 2025
Updated
Aug 5, 2026
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
T1499.004
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Dec 8, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 5, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=457f44363a8894135c85b7a9afd2bd8196db24ab <10ca3b2eec384628bc9f5d8190aed9427ad2dde6
  2. Affected versionversion=457f44363a8894135c85b7a9afd2bd8196db24ab <430e15544f11f8de26b2b5109c7152f71b78295e
  3. Affected versionversion=457f44363a8894135c85b7a9afd2bd8196db24ab <47626748a2a00068dbbd5836d19076637b4e235b
  4. Affected versionversion=457f44363a8894135c85b7a9afd2bd8196db24ab <4e9077638301816a7d73fa1e1b4c1db4a7e3b59c
  5. Affected versionversion=457f44363a8894135c85b7a9afd2bd8196db24ab <6451141103547f4efd774e912418a3b4318046c6
  6. Affected versionversion=457f44363a8894135c85b7a9afd2bd8196db24ab <de2ce6b14bc3e565708a39bdba3ef9162aeffc72
  7. Affected versionversion=457f44363a8894135c85b7a9afd2bd8196db24ab <e1828c7a8d8135e21ff6adaaa9458c32aae13b11
  8. Affected versionversion=5.8

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=457f44363a8894135c85b7a9afd2bd8196db24ab <10ca3b2eec384628bc9f5d8190aed9427ad2dde6; version=457f44363a8894135c85b7a9afd2bd8196db24ab <430e15544f11f8de26b2b5109c7152f71b78295e; version=457f44363a8894135c85b7a9afd2bd8196db24ab <47626748a2a00068dbbd5836d19076637b4e235b; version=457f44363a8894135c85b7a9afd2bd8196db24ab <4e9077638301816a7d73fa1e1b4c1db4a7e3b59c; version=457f44363a8894135c85b7a9afd2bd8196db24ab <6451141103547f4efd774e912418a3b4318046c6; version=457f44363a8894135c85b7a9afd2bd8196db24ab <de2ce6b14bc3e565708a39bdba3ef9162aeffc72; version=457f44363a8894135c85b7a9afd2bd8196db24ab <e1828c7a8d8135e21ff6adaaa9458c32aae13b11; version=5.8

Published CVSS scores

7.8Linux kernel CNACVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
5.5Oracle LinuxCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

T1499.004Endpoint Denial of Service: Application or System Exploitation

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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