CVE-2025-40219

Kernel hang via unserialized SR-IOV hotplug

Published Dec 4, 2025 · Updated Sep 8, 2026

Improper locking in Linux and Siemens MFP controllers allows local users to hang the kernel by racing SR-IOV changes with PCI hotplug. The PCI/IOV path modifies virtual functions without holding the PCI rescan/remove lock across the driver's sriov_configure callback. Low-privilege local access, an SR-IOV-capable physical function, and concurrent hotplug are required; the resulting deadlock interrupts the system.

CVSS severity6.6
Medium
EPSS probability0.22%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper locking in Linux and Siemens MFP controllers allows local users to hang the kernel by racing SR-IOV changes with PCI hotplug. The PCI/IOV path modifies virtual functions without holding the PCI rescan/remove lock across the driver's sriov_configure callback. Low-privilege local access, an SR-IOV-capable physical function, and concurrent hotplug are required; the resulting deadlock interrupts the system.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-40219
Published
Dec 4, 2025
Updated
Sep 8, 2026
Vendor
Siemens
Product
SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP
Classifications
CWE-20, T1499.004
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Dec 4, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 8, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=V3.1.5 <*
  2. Affected versionversion=V3.1.6 <*

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Siemens · SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFPversion=V3.1.5 <*; version=V3.1.6 <*
The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=18f9e9d150fccfa747875df6f0a9f606740762b3 <1047ca2d816994f31e1475e63e0c0b7825599747; version=18f9e9d150fccfa747875df6f0a9f606740762b3 <3cddde484471c602bea04e6f384819d336a1ff84; version=18f9e9d150fccfa747875df6f0a9f606740762b3 <7c37920c96b85ef4255a7acc795e99e63dd38d59; version=18f9e9d150fccfa747875df6f0a9f606740762b3 <97c18f074ff1c12d016a0753072a3afdfa0b9611; version=18f9e9d150fccfa747875df6f0a9f606740762b3 <a5338e365c4559d7b4d7356116b0eb95b12e08d5; version=18f9e9d150fccfa747875df6f0a9f606740762b3 <bea1d373098b22d7142da48750ce5526096425bc; version=18f9e9d150fccfa747875df6f0a9f606740762b3 <d7673ac466eca37ec3e6b7cc9ccdb06de3304e9b; version=18f9e9d150fccfa747875df6f0a9f606740762b3 <f3015627b6e9ddf85cfeaf42405b3c194dde2c36; version=5.0
Siemens · SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFPversion=V3.1.5 <*; version=V3.1.6 <*
Siemens · SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFPversion=V3.1.5 <*; version=V3.1.6 <*

Published CVSS scores

6.6Siemens ProductCERTCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-20Improper Input Validation
T1499.004Application or System Exploitation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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