CVE-2025-40171Network attack vector

Service interruption via asynchronous target-port reference leak

Published Nov 12, 2025 · Updated Aug 5, 2026

Resource leakage in affected Linux kernel branches allows remote attackers to interrupt NVMe target service through Fibre Channel requests. The nvmet-fc send path takes a target-port reference for each asynchronous link-service command but queues only one release work item. Exploitation requires an nvmet-fc target and multiple asynchronous commands in flight; the resulting reference leak can exhaust resources and deny service.

CVSS severity7.5
High
EPSS probability0.44%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Resource leakage in affected Linux kernel branches allows remote attackers to interrupt NVMe target service through Fibre Channel requests. The nvmet-fc send path takes a target-port reference for each asynchronous link-service command but queues only one release work item. Exploitation requires an nvmet-fc target and multiple asynchronous commands in flight; the resulting reference leak can exhaust resources and deny service.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-40171
Published
Nov 12, 2025
Updated
Aug 5, 2026
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
T1499.004
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Nov 12, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 5, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=1d86f79287206deec36d63b89c741cf542b6cadd
  2. Affected versionversion=5.15.150 <5.15.195
  3. Affected versionversion=5e0bc09a52b6169ce90f7ac6e195791adb16cec4 <11269c08013f4ee8b8f5edc6c56700acb34092d0
  4. Affected versionversion=6.1.80 <6.1.156
  5. Affected versionversion=6.6.19 <6.6.112
  6. Affected versionversion=6.7.7 <6.8
  7. Affected versionversion=6.8
  8. Affected versionversion=710c69dbaccdac312e32931abcb8499c1525d397 <7331925c247b03b7767b8cd93cfe1b7aa2377850
  9. Affected versionversion=710c69dbaccdac312e32931abcb8499c1525d397 <7a619f8c869117ffed08365b377f66b7e1d941b4
  10. Affected versionversion=710c69dbaccdac312e32931abcb8499c1525d397 <db5a5406fb7e5337a074385c7a3e53c77f2c1bd3
  11. Affected versionversion=9e6987f8937a7bd7516aa52f25cb7e12c0c92ee8 <a28112cc55013cd8cbd5d36b5115a5b851151bd9
  12. Affected versionversion=eaf0971fdabf2a93c1429dc6bedf3bbe85dffa30 <060ecc81240ef9d60d9485a3a5eb55a0d6e7a25c

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=1d86f79287206deec36d63b89c741cf542b6cadd; version=5.15.150 <5.15.195; version=5e0bc09a52b6169ce90f7ac6e195791adb16cec4 <11269c08013f4ee8b8f5edc6c56700acb34092d0; version=6.1.80 <6.1.156; version=6.6.19 <6.6.112; version=6.7.7 <6.8; version=6.8; version=710c69dbaccdac312e32931abcb8499c1525d397 <7331925c247b03b7767b8cd93cfe1b7aa2377850; version=710c69dbaccdac312e32931abcb8499c1525d397 <7a619f8c869117ffed08365b377f66b7e1d941b4; version=710c69dbaccdac312e32931abcb8499c1525d397 <db5a5406fb7e5337a074385c7a3e53c77f2c1bd3; version=9e6987f8937a7bd7516aa52f25cb7e12c0c92ee8 <a28112cc55013cd8cbd5d36b5115a5b851151bd9; version=eaf0971fdabf2a93c1429dc6bedf3bbe85dffa30 <060ecc81240ef9d60d9485a3a5eb55a0d6e7a25c

Published CVSS scores

7.5kernel.orgCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

T1499.004Application or System Exploitation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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