CVE-2025-4012Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Authenticated SSRF via unrestricted Avatar URL

Published Apr 28, 2025 · Updated Apr 28, 2025

Server-side request forgery in PlayEdu 1.0 through 1.8 allows remote authenticated users to make server-originated requests via Avatar. The /api/backend/v1/user/create handler dereferences the attacker-chosen Avatar URL without restricting its destination. Administrative privileges are required, and the request can reach attacker-controlled or network-restricted endpoints from the server.

CVSS severity7.5
High
EPSS probability0.44%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Server-side request forgery in PlayEdu 1.0 through 1.8 allows remote authenticated users to make server-originated requests via Avatar. The /api/backend/v1/user/create handler dereferences the attacker-chosen Avatar URL without restricting its destination. Administrative privileges are required, and the request can reach attacker-controlled or network-restricted endpoints from the server.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-4012
Published
Apr 28, 2025
Updated
Apr 28, 2025
Vendor
Hangzhou Baishu Technology Co., Ltd.
Product
PlayEdu
Classifications
CWE-918
Attack vector
network
Privileges
admin

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 28, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 28, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=1.0
  2. Affected versionversion=1.1
  3. Affected versionversion=1.2
  4. Affected versionversion=1.3
  5. Affected versionversion=1.4
  6. Affected versionversion=1.5
  7. Affected versionversion=1.6
  8. Affected versionversion=1.7
  9. Affected versionversion=1.8

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesadmin

What is affected?

Hangzhou Baishu Technology Co., Ltd. · PlayEduversion=1.0; version=1.1; version=1.2; version=1.3; version=1.4; version=1.5; version=1.6; version=1.7; version=1.8

Published CVSS scores

7.5NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
2.7VulDBCVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
3.3VulDBAV:N/AC:L/Au:M/C:N/I:P/A:N
2.7VulDBCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
5.1VulDBCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesadmin
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-918Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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