CVE-2025-39544Network attack vector

Arbitrary file renaming via missing nonce validation

Published Apr 16, 2025 · Updated Apr 28, 2026

Cross-site request forgery in Bill Minozzi WP Tools 5.18 and earlier allows remote attackers to rename arbitrary server files. The deactivate_mu_plugin() function processes forged requests because nonce validation is missing or incorrect, then renames an attacker-selected path. Exploitation requires a logged-in site administrator to follow a malicious link; renaming a critical file can interrupt the WordPress site.

CVSS severity7.4
High
EPSS probability0.25%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Cross-site request forgery in Bill Minozzi WP Tools 5.18 and earlier allows remote attackers to rename arbitrary server files. The deactivate_mu_plugin() function processes forged requests because nonce validation is missing or incorrect, then renames an attacker-selected path. Exploitation requires a logged-in site administrator to follow a malicious link; renaming a critical file can interrupt the WordPress site.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-39544
Published
Apr 16, 2025
Updated
Apr 28, 2026
Vendor
Bill Minozzi
Product
WP Tools
Classifications
CWE-352, CAPEC-126, T1204.001
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 16, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 28, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <=5.18 changes=[{"at":"5.19","status":"unaffected"}]

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Bill Minozzi · WP Toolsversion=0 <=5.18 changes=[{"at":"5.19","status":"unaffected"}]

Published CVSS scores

6.5WordfenceCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
7.4PatchstackCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-352Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
CAPEC-126Path Traversal
T1204.001User Execution: Malicious Link

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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