CVE-2025-3954Public exploitNetwork attack vector

SSRF via attacker-controlled Referer URL

Published Apr 26, 2025 · Updated Apr 28, 2025

Server-side request forgery in ChurchCRM 5.16.0 allows remote attackers to make server-side requests via a crafted Referer header. The public proof of concept supplies a destination URL in the Referer header and observes the server issuing an outbound request to that URL. No authentication is required, but exploitation has high complexity; published metrics establish low-integrity impact and no confidentiality or availability impact.

CVSS severity6.3
Medium
EPSS probability0.57%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Server-side request forgery in ChurchCRM 5.16.0 allows remote attackers to make server-side requests via a crafted Referer header. The public proof of concept supplies a destination URL in the Referer header and observes the server issuing an outbound request to that URL. No authentication is required, but exploitation has high complexity; published metrics establish low-integrity impact and no confidentiality or availability impact.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-3954
Published
Apr 26, 2025
Updated
Apr 28, 2025
Vendor
ChurchCRM
Product
ChurchCRM
Classifications
CWE-918, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 26, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 28, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=5.16.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

ChurchCRM · ChurchCRMversion=5.16.0

Published CVSS scores

2.6VulDBAV:N/AC:H/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N
6.3VulDBCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
3.7VulDBCVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
3.7VulDBCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-918Server-Side Request Forgery
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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