CVE-2025-38670

Kernel panic via non-atomic stack switching

Published Aug 22, 2025 · Updated Aug 5, 2026

Race condition in ARM64 Linux and SIMATIC CN 4100 before V5.0 allows local users to trigger kernel panics during stack transitions. cpu_switch_to() and call_on_irq_stack() change the regular and shadow-call-stack pointers non-atomically without fully masking DAIF, so an intervening exception stores or uses a mismatched pointer. Local users need code execution on an affected ARM64 system; pseudo-NMIs increase exposure, while the resulting stack corruption interrupts the system through an unpredictable kernel panic.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability0.16%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Race condition in ARM64 Linux and SIMATIC CN 4100 before V5.0 allows local users to trigger kernel panics during stack transitions. cpu_switch_to() and call_on_irq_stack() change the regular and shadow-call-stack pointers non-atomically without fully masking DAIF, so an intervening exception stores or uses a mismatched pointer. Local users need code execution on an affected ARM64 system; pseudo-NMIs increase exposure, while the resulting stack corruption interrupts the system through an unpredictable kernel panic.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-38670
Published
Aug 22, 2025
Updated
Aug 5, 2026
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
CWE-20, CWE-668, T1499.004
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 22, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 5, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=3f225f29c69c13ce1cbdb1d607a42efeef080056 <f7e0231eeaa33245c649fac0303cf97209605446
  2. Affected versionversion=402d2b1d54b7085d0c3bfd01fd50c2701dde64b3 <407047893a64399f2d2390ff35cc6061107d805d
  3. Affected versionversion=4403c7b7e5e1ad09a266b6e399fd7bf97931508e <a6b0cb523eaa01efe8a3f76ced493ba60674c6e6
  4. Affected versionversion=5.10.180 <5.10.210
  5. Affected versionversion=5.15.111 <5.15.190
  6. Affected versionversion=59b37fe52f49955791a460752c37145f1afdcad1 <0f67015d72627bad72da3c2084352e0aa134416b
  7. Affected versionversion=59b37fe52f49955791a460752c37145f1afdcad1 <708fd522b86d2a9544c34ec6a86fa3fc23336525
  8. Affected versionversion=59b37fe52f49955791a460752c37145f1afdcad1 <9433a5f437b0948d6a2d8a02ad7a42ab7ca27a61
  9. Affected versionversion=59b37fe52f49955791a460752c37145f1afdcad1 <d42e6c20de6192f8e4ab4cf10be8c694ef27e8cb
  10. Affected versionversion=6.1.28 <6.1.149
  11. Affected versionversion=6.2.15 <6.3
  12. Affected versionversion=6.3
  13. Affected versionversion=e47ce4f11e26fa3ea99b09521da8b3ac3a7b578d

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=3f225f29c69c13ce1cbdb1d607a42efeef080056 <f7e0231eeaa33245c649fac0303cf97209605446; version=402d2b1d54b7085d0c3bfd01fd50c2701dde64b3 <407047893a64399f2d2390ff35cc6061107d805d; version=4403c7b7e5e1ad09a266b6e399fd7bf97931508e <a6b0cb523eaa01efe8a3f76ced493ba60674c6e6; version=5.10.180 <5.10.210; version=5.15.111 <5.15.190; version=59b37fe52f49955791a460752c37145f1afdcad1 <0f67015d72627bad72da3c2084352e0aa134416b; version=59b37fe52f49955791a460752c37145f1afdcad1 <708fd522b86d2a9544c34ec6a86fa3fc23336525; version=59b37fe52f49955791a460752c37145f1afdcad1 <9433a5f437b0948d6a2d8a02ad7a42ab7ca27a61; version=59b37fe52f49955791a460752c37145f1afdcad1 <d42e6c20de6192f8e4ab4cf10be8c694ef27e8cb; version=6.1.28 <6.1.149; version=6.2.15 <6.3; version=6.3; version=e47ce4f11e26fa3ea99b09521da8b3ac3a7b578d
Siemens · SIMATIC CN 4100version=0 <V5.0

Published CVSS scores

5.5Siemens ProductCERTCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
7.1NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H
7.8Linux kernel CNACVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-20Improper Input Validation
CWE-668Exposure of Resource to Wrong Sphere
T1499.004Application or System Exploitation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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