CVE-2025-38445

Kernel panic via stale RAID1 wait pointer

Published Jul 25, 2025 · Updated May 11, 2026

Use-after-return in Linux kernel 4.18 and later before branch fixes allows local users to trigger a kernel panic through RAID1 I/O. raid1_reshape copies the stack-allocated newpool into conf->r1bio_pool without reinitializing its wait queue, leaving wait.head aimed at expired stack storage. Reachability requires a RAID1 reshape followed by the documented allocation-failure and wake path; the established consequence is a host crash.

CVSS severity7.1
High
EPSS probability0.17%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Use-after-return in Linux kernel 4.18 and later before branch fixes allows local users to trigger a kernel panic through RAID1 I/O. raid1_reshape copies the stack-allocated newpool into conf->r1bio_pool without reinitializing its wait queue, leaving wait.head aimed at expired stack storage. Reachability requires a RAID1 reshape followed by the documented allocation-failure and wake path; the established consequence is a host crash.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-38445
Published
Jul 25, 2025
Updated
May 11, 2026
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
T1499
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 25, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 11, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=4.18
  2. Affected versionversion=afeee514ce7f4cab605beedd03be71ebaf0c5fc8 <12b00ec99624f8da8c325f2dd6e807df26df0025
  3. Affected versionversion=afeee514ce7f4cab605beedd03be71ebaf0c5fc8 <48da050b4f54ed639b66278d0ae6f4107b2c4e2d
  4. Affected versionversion=afeee514ce7f4cab605beedd03be71ebaf0c5fc8 <5f35e48b76655e45522df338876dfef88dafcc71
  5. Affected versionversion=afeee514ce7f4cab605beedd03be71ebaf0c5fc8 <61fd5e93006cf82ec8ee5c115ab5cf4bbd104bdb
  6. Affected versionversion=afeee514ce7f4cab605beedd03be71ebaf0c5fc8 <776e6186dc9ecbdb8a1b706e989166c8a99bbf64
  7. Affected versionversion=afeee514ce7f4cab605beedd03be71ebaf0c5fc8 <d67ed2ccd2d1dcfda9292c0ea8697a9d0f2f0d98
  8. Affected versionversion=afeee514ce7f4cab605beedd03be71ebaf0c5fc8 <d8a6853d00fbaa810765c8ed2f452a5832273968
  9. Affected versionversion=afeee514ce7f4cab605beedd03be71ebaf0c5fc8 <df5894014a92ff0196dbc212a7764e97366fd2b7

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=4.18; version=afeee514ce7f4cab605beedd03be71ebaf0c5fc8 <12b00ec99624f8da8c325f2dd6e807df26df0025; version=afeee514ce7f4cab605beedd03be71ebaf0c5fc8 <48da050b4f54ed639b66278d0ae6f4107b2c4e2d; version=afeee514ce7f4cab605beedd03be71ebaf0c5fc8 <5f35e48b76655e45522df338876dfef88dafcc71; version=afeee514ce7f4cab605beedd03be71ebaf0c5fc8 <61fd5e93006cf82ec8ee5c115ab5cf4bbd104bdb; version=afeee514ce7f4cab605beedd03be71ebaf0c5fc8 <776e6186dc9ecbdb8a1b706e989166c8a99bbf64; version=afeee514ce7f4cab605beedd03be71ebaf0c5fc8 <d67ed2ccd2d1dcfda9292c0ea8697a9d0f2f0d98; version=afeee514ce7f4cab605beedd03be71ebaf0c5fc8 <d8a6853d00fbaa810765c8ed2f452a5832273968; version=afeee514ce7f4cab605beedd03be71ebaf0c5fc8 <df5894014a92ff0196dbc212a7764e97366fd2b7

Published CVSS scores

7.0Amazon LinuxCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.0Oracle LinuxCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.1UbuntuCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

T1499Endpoint Denial of Service

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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