CVE-2025-37999

Local denial of service via unmatched folio accounting

Published May 29, 2025 · Updated May 11, 2026

Denial of service in Linux kernel 6.12 EROFS file I/O allows local users to lock a folio indefinitely by invoking readahead. erofs_fileio_scan_folio calls erofs_onlinefolio_split before a full bio rejects the folio, then calls it again on retry without a matching erofs_onlinefolio_end. Reaching the flaw requires access to a file-backed EROFS file; the resulting accounting imbalance blocks every waiter on the affected folio.

CVSS severity5.5
Medium
EPSS probability0.17%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Denial of service in Linux kernel 6.12 EROFS file I/O allows local users to lock a folio indefinitely by invoking readahead. erofs_fileio_scan_folio calls erofs_onlinefolio_split before a full bio rejects the folio, then calls it again on retry without a matching erofs_onlinefolio_end. Reaching the flaw requires access to a file-backed EROFS file; the resulting accounting imbalance blocks every waiter on the affected folio.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-37999
Published
May 29, 2025
Updated
May 11, 2026
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
T1499
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 29, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 11, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=6.12
  2. Affected versionversion=ce63cb62d794c98c7631c2296fa845f2a8d0a4a1 <61e0fc3312309867e5a3495329dad0286d2a5703
  3. Affected versionversion=ce63cb62d794c98c7631c2296fa845f2a8d0a4a1 <bbfe756dc3062c1e934f06e5ba39c239aa953b92
  4. Affected versionversion=ce63cb62d794c98c7631c2296fa845f2a8d0a4a1 <c26076197df348c84cc23e5962d61902e072a0f5

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=6.12; version=ce63cb62d794c98c7631c2296fa845f2a8d0a4a1 <61e0fc3312309867e5a3495329dad0286d2a5703; version=ce63cb62d794c98c7631c2296fa845f2a8d0a4a1 <bbfe756dc3062c1e934f06e5ba39c239aa953b92; version=ce63cb62d794c98c7631c2296fa845f2a8d0a4a1 <c26076197df348c84cc23e5962d61902e072a0f5

Published CVSS scores

5.5CanonicalCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

T1499Endpoint Denial of Service

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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