CVE-2025-37929

Boot-time kernel panic via unterminated MIDR arrays

Published May 20, 2025 · Updated May 23, 2026

Out-of-bounds access in affected Linux kernel versions causes an arm64 boot-time kernel panic when UBSAN detects the invalid read. The Spectre-BHB MIDR arrays in arch/arm64/kernel/proton-pack.c omit sentinel entries, causing is_midr_in_range_list() to read past an array when no CPU match is found. Reachability requires an affected arm64 kernel, an unmatched CPU design, and UBSAN with the function inlined; no remote trigger is documented.

CVSS severity5.5
Medium
EPSS probability0.19%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Out-of-bounds access in affected Linux kernel versions causes an arm64 boot-time kernel panic when UBSAN detects the invalid read. The Spectre-BHB MIDR arrays in arch/arm64/kernel/proton-pack.c omit sentinel entries, causing is_midr_in_range_list() to read past an array when no CPU match is found. Reachability requires an affected arm64 kernel, an unmatched CPU design, and UBSAN with the function inlined; no remote trigger is documented.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-37929
Published
May 20, 2025
Updated
May 23, 2026
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
CWE-476, T1499.004
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 20, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 23, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=4117975672c4743cffaf32b6fd018cfacd1b420e <3821cae9bd5a99a42d3d0be1b58e41f072cd4c4c
  2. Affected versionversion=46e22de65eb45a67a68ddfe9301f79b0c3821ca8 <6266b3509b2c6ebf2f9daf2239ff8eb60c5f5bd3
  3. Affected versionversion=4a2f3d8260a996bc43dcc1ce49ac594db54f4b3e <e68da90ac00d8b681561aeb8f5d6c47af3a04861
  4. Affected versionversion=5.15.181 <5.15.182
  5. Affected versionversion=6.1.135 <6.1.138
  6. Affected versionversion=6.12.24 <6.12.28
  7. Affected versionversion=6.13.12 <6.14
  8. Affected versionversion=6.14.3 <6.14.6
  9. Affected versionversion=6.6.88 <6.6.90
  10. Affected versionversion=9ca4fe357464bbdad0db67985275f2694df8dab5 <090c8714efe1c3c470301cc2f794c1ee2a57746c
  11. Affected versionversion=a53b3599d9bf9375f9033f2aa1fa92714fb1d0f0 <446289b8b36b2ee98dabf6388acbddcc33ed41be
  12. Affected versionversion=a5951389e58d2e816eed3dbec5877de9327fd881 <fee4d171451c1ad9e8aaf65fc0ab7d143a33bd72
  13. Affected versionversion=e060dbb7393ed7bdfba6b5ea7566f9ef87381cfb <333579202f09e260e8116321df4c55f80a19b160
  14. Affected versionversion=ed681e90fb244aa883b918c4d8be2614e816c6df

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=4117975672c4743cffaf32b6fd018cfacd1b420e <3821cae9bd5a99a42d3d0be1b58e41f072cd4c4c; version=46e22de65eb45a67a68ddfe9301f79b0c3821ca8 <6266b3509b2c6ebf2f9daf2239ff8eb60c5f5bd3; version=4a2f3d8260a996bc43dcc1ce49ac594db54f4b3e <e68da90ac00d8b681561aeb8f5d6c47af3a04861; version=5.15.181 <5.15.182; version=6.1.135 <6.1.138; version=6.12.24 <6.12.28; version=6.13.12 <6.14; version=6.14.3 <6.14.6; version=6.6.88 <6.6.90; version=9ca4fe357464bbdad0db67985275f2694df8dab5 <090c8714efe1c3c470301cc2f794c1ee2a57746c; version=a53b3599d9bf9375f9033f2aa1fa92714fb1d0f0 <446289b8b36b2ee98dabf6388acbddcc33ed41be; version=a5951389e58d2e816eed3dbec5877de9327fd881 <fee4d171451c1ad9e8aaf65fc0ab7d143a33bd72; version=e060dbb7393ed7bdfba6b5ea7566f9ef87381cfb <333579202f09e260e8116321df4c55f80a19b160; version=ed681e90fb244aa883b918c4d8be2614e816c6df

Published CVSS scores

5.5NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
7.0Amazon LinuxCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-476NULL Pointer Dereference
T1499.004Application or System Exploitation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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