CVE-2025-35984Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Code execution via unchecked PCX RLE count

Published Aug 25, 2025 · Updated Nov 3, 2025

Heap-based buffer overflow in SAIL 0.9.8 allows remote attackers to execute code by inducing PCX image decoding. In sail_codec_load_frame_v8_pcx, an RLE packet count reaches memset without a check that the write remains within the allocated scanline buffer. The target must process a crafted PCX file; a successful overwrite executes code in the context of the consuming application.

CVSS severity8.8
High
EPSS probability1.37%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Heap-based buffer overflow in SAIL 0.9.8 allows remote attackers to execute code by inducing PCX image decoding. In sail_codec_load_frame_v8_pcx, an RLE packet count reaches memset without a check that the write remains within the allocated scanline buffer. The target must process a crafted PCX file; a successful overwrite executes code in the context of the consuming application.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-35984
Published
Aug 25, 2025
Updated
Nov 3, 2025
Vendor
SAIL
Product
SAIL
Classifications
CWE-122, T1204.002, T1203
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 25, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Nov 3, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=v0.9.8

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

SAIL · SAILversion=v0.9.8

Published CVSS scores

8.8Cisco TalosCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-122Heap-based Buffer Overflow
T1204.002Malicious File
T1203Exploitation for Client Execution

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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