Authenticated code execution via temporary port binding
Published Apr 17, 2025 · Updated Jun 18, 2025
Code injection in affected GitHub Enterprise Server releases allows remote authenticated users to execute code via pre-receive hooks. A hook can bind a dynamically allocated port that briefly becomes available during operations such as hot patching, exposing privileged internal services to hook-controlled traffic. Reachability requires site administrator rights, or repository modification rights when pre-receive hooks are enabled, plus the transient port window; exploitation executes code and can escalate privileges on the instance.
Summary
What happened
Code injection in affected GitHub Enterprise Server releases allows remote authenticated users to execute code via pre-receive hooks. A hook can bind a dynamically allocated port that briefly becomes available during operations such as hot patching, exposing privileged internal services to hook-controlled traffic. Reachability requires site administrator rights, or repository modification rights when pre-receive hooks are enabled, plus the transient port window; exploitation executes code and can escalate privileges on the instance.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2025-3509
- Published
- Apr 17, 2025
- Updated
- Jun 18, 2025
- Vendor
- Product
- GitHub Enterprise Server
- Classifications
- CWE-94, T1190
- Attack vector
- network
- Privileges
- authenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Apr 17, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Jun 18, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=13.17.0 <13.17.1 changes=[{"at":"3.17.1","status":"unaffected"}]
- Affected versionversion=3.13.0 <=3.13.15 changes=[{"at":"3.13.16","status":"unaffected"}]
- Affected versionversion=3.14.0 <=3.14.12 changes=[{"at":"3.14.13","status":"unaffected"}]
- Affected versionversion=3.15.0 <=3.15.7 changes=[{"at":"3.15.8","status":"unaffected"}]
- Affected versionversion=3.16.0 <=3.16.3 changes=[{"at":"3.16.4","status":"unaffected"}]
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
No public exploit references are available in this record.
Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.
Technologies
Your stack
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Your stack
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