CVE-2025-34061Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Unauthenticated PHP code execution via header backdoor

Published Jul 3, 2025 · Updated Jul 7, 2025

Code injection in PHPStudy 2016 through 2018 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code. The l.php backdoor base64-decodes the Accept-Charset request header and evaluates the decoded payload without validation. A reachable affected web endpoint is sufficient; code runs as the web server user and can read, change, or delete data accessible to that account.

CVSS severity9.3
Critical
EPSS probability1.68%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Code injection in PHPStudy 2016 through 2018 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code. The l.php backdoor base64-decodes the Accept-Charset request header and evaluates the decoded payload without validation. A reachable affected web endpoint is sufficient; code runs as the web server user and can read, change, or delete data accessible to that account.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-34061
Published
Jul 3, 2025
Updated
Jul 7, 2025
Vendor
Henan Xiaopi Security Technology
Product
PHPStudy
Classifications
CWE-94, CAPEC-242, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 3, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jul 7, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=2016 <=2018

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Henan Xiaopi Security Technology · PHPStudyversion=2016 <=2018

Published CVSS scores

9.3VulnCheckCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-94Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
CAPEC-242Code Injection
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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