CVE-2025-33042Network attack vector

Code injection via unvalidated schema annotations

Published Feb 13, 2026 · Updated Feb 13, 2026

Code injection in Apache Avro Java SDK 1.11.4 and earlier and 1.12.0 allows remote attackers to inject Java via untrusted schemas. SpecificCompiler inserts schema javaAnnotation values directly into Velocity-generated source without validating their Java syntax, while schema documentation is also emitted without Javadoc escaping. Exposure requires generation and compilation of specific-record classes from attacker-controlled schemas; injected code executes with the resulting class.

CVSS severity6.9
Medium
EPSS probability0.61%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Code injection in Apache Avro Java SDK 1.11.4 and earlier and 1.12.0 allows remote attackers to inject Java via untrusted schemas. SpecificCompiler inserts schema javaAnnotation values directly into Velocity-generated source without validating their Java syntax, while schema documentation is also emitted without Javadoc escaping. Exposure requires generation and compilation of specific-record classes from attacker-controlled schemas; injected code executes with the resulting class.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-33042
Published
Feb 13, 2026
Updated
Feb 13, 2026
Vendor
The Apache Software Foundation
Product
Apache Avro
Classifications
CWE-94
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 13, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 13, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <=1.11.4
  2. Affected versionversion=1.12.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

The Apache Software Foundation · Apache Avroversion=0 <=1.11.4; version=1.12.0

Published CVSS scores

7.3CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
6.9GitHubCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-94Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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