Unauthenticated PHP execution via image-transform class injection
Published Apr 25, 2025 · Updated Mar 21, 2026
Code injection in Craft CMS before 3.9.15, 4.14.15, or 5.6.17 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP via HTTP. AssetsController::actionGenerateTransform accepts a non-string handle and passes the attacker-controlled array into Yii object creation, allowing special class and behavior keys to instantiate callable gadgets. A reachable image-transform endpoint and a valid asset ID are sufficient; successful exploitation runs code in the web server context and supports file deployment.
Summary
What happened
Code injection in Craft CMS before 3.9.15, 4.14.15, or 5.6.17 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP via HTTP. AssetsController::actionGenerateTransform accepts a non-string handle and passes the attacker-controlled array into Yii object creation, allowing special class and behavior keys to instantiate callable gadgets. A reachable image-transform endpoint and a valid asset ID are sufficient; successful exploitation runs code in the web server context and supports file deployment.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2025-32432
- Published
- Apr 25, 2025
- Updated
- Mar 21, 2026
- Vendor
- Pixel & Tonic
- Product
- Craft CMS
- Classifications
- T1190
- Attack vector
- network
- Privileges
- unauthenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Feb 10, 2025Exploitation reportedFebruary 2025 Craft CMS compromise campaign
- Apr 25, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Mar 21, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.
Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=>= 3.0.0-RC1, < 3.9.15
- Affected versionversion=>= 4.0.0-RC1, < 4.14.15
- Affected versionversion=>= 5.0.0-RC1, < 5.6.17
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
- Craft CMS Image Transform Preauth RCE Metasploit moduleweaponized · validated
- Craft CMS Yii2 PhpManager proof of conceptproof of concept · unverified
Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.
Reported exploitation
- February 2025 Craft CMS compromise campaignthreat actor
- Craft CMS exploitation in the wildreported exploitation
Technologies
Your stack
See the directory against your own environment.
Your stack
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