CVE-2025-32409Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Unauthenticated code execution via firmware update race

Published Apr 7, 2025 · Updated Apr 8, 2025

Remote code execution in Ratta SuperNote A6 X2 Nomad before December 2024 allows remote attackers to install arbitrary firmware. The port 60002 file-receive service reuses an unvalidated attacker-supplied filename across cache and copy operations, while concurrent transfers let a debug-key-signed image land as EXPORT/update.zip. An unauthenticated attacker on the same network can stage a rootkit that auto-installs after a reboot or USB-C hotplug unless the user aborts the update prompt.

CVSS severity8.1
High
EPSS probability1.11%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Remote code execution in Ratta SuperNote A6 X2 Nomad before December 2024 allows remote attackers to install arbitrary firmware. The port 60002 file-receive service reuses an unvalidated attacker-supplied filename across cache and copy operations, while concurrent transfers let a debug-key-signed image land as EXPORT/update.zip. An unauthenticated attacker on the same network can stage a rootkit that auto-installs after a reboot or USB-C hotplug unless the user aborts the update prompt.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-32409
Published
Apr 7, 2025
Updated
Apr 8, 2025
Vendor
Ratta
Product
Supernote A6 X2 Nomad
Classifications
CWE-23, T1542.001, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 7, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 8, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <December 2024

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Ratta · Supernote A6 X2 Nomadversion=0 <December 2024

Published CVSS scores

8.1MITRECVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-23Relative Path Traversal
T1542.001Pre-OS Boot System Firmware
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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