CVE-2025-31978Network attack vector

Data exfiltration via unsanitized spreadsheet exports

Published May 6, 2026 · Updated May 6, 2026

Spreadsheet formula injection in HCL BigFix Service Management 23 allows remote authenticated users to exfiltrate data via exported CSV files. Attacker-controlled data fields are written to spreadsheet exports without adequate sanitization, allowing spreadsheet software to interpret the resulting content as active formulas. Exploitation requires low-privileged access and a recipient to open the export and permit active content; current Excel versions display an untrusted-content warning.

CVSS severity4.6
Medium
EPSS probability0.14%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Spreadsheet formula injection in HCL BigFix Service Management 23 allows remote authenticated users to exfiltrate data via exported CSV files. Attacker-controlled data fields are written to spreadsheet exports without adequate sanitization, allowing spreadsheet software to interpret the resulting content as active formulas. Exploitation requires low-privileged access and a recipient to open the export and permit active content; current Excel versions display an untrusted-content warning.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-31978
Published
May 6, 2026
Updated
May 6, 2026
Vendor
HCLSoftware
Product
HCL BigFix Service Management
Classifications
CWE-201, T1204.002
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 6, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 6, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=23

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

HCLSoftware · HCL BigFix Service Managementversion=23

Published CVSS scores

4.6HCL SoftwareCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
4.3NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-201Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data
T1204.002User Execution: Malicious File

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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