CVE-2025-31279

User fingerprinting via undisclosed location permissions flaw

Published Jul 29, 2025 · Updated Apr 2, 2026

Permissions enforcement in an Apple device-location component on affected macOS and iPadOS releases allows attackers to fingerprint a user through a local app. Apple identifies insufficient permissions restrictions but has not published the protected data or operation exposed to apps. Exploitation requires code execution as a local app, and the reported consequence is fingerprinting rather than data modification or service interruption.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability0.99%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

Permissions enforcement in an Apple device-location component on affected macOS and iPadOS releases allows attackers to fingerprint a user through a local app. Apple identifies insufficient permissions restrictions but has not published the protected data or operation exposed to apps. Exploitation requires code execution as a local app, and the reported consequence is fingerprinting rather than data modification or service interruption.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-31279
Published
Jul 29, 2025
Updated
Apr 2, 2026
Vendor
Apple
Product
macOS
Classifications
CWE-200
Attack vector
local
Privileges
Unavailable

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 29, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 2, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <13.7.7
  2. Affected versionversion=0 <14.7.7
  3. Affected versionversion=0 <15.6

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesUnavailable in this record.

What is affected?

Apple · macOSversion=0 <13.7.7; version=0 <14.7.7; version=0 <15.6
Apple · iPadOSversion=0 <17.7.9

Published CVSS scores

9.8CISA ADP VulnrichmentCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
PrivilegesUnavailable
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-200Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo