CVE-2025-31251

App termination via unsanitized media-file processing

Published May 12, 2025 · Updated Jul 25, 2026

Memory corruption in AppleJPEG in affected Apple operating systems allows attackers to terminate an app or corrupt process memory via a crafted media file. Apple reports that AppleJPEG insufficiently sanitizes input during media-file processing but has not disclosed the specific parser operation or malformed field. The file must be processed locally with user interaction; reported consequences are bounded to app termination or corruption within the processing process.

CVSS severity5.5
Medium
EPSS probability0.30%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

Memory corruption in AppleJPEG in affected Apple operating systems allows attackers to terminate an app or corrupt process memory via a crafted media file. Apple reports that AppleJPEG insufficiently sanitizes input during media-file processing but has not disclosed the specific parser operation or malformed field. The file must be processed locally with user interaction; reported consequences are bounded to app termination or corruption within the processing process.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-31251
Published
May 12, 2025
Updated
Jul 25, 2026
Vendor
Apple
Product
iOS and iPadOS
Classifications
CWE-400, T1204.002
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 12, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jul 25, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <18.5

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Apple · iOS and iPadOSversion=0 <18.5
Apple · visionOSversion=0 <2.5
Apple · tvOSversion=0 <18.5
Apple · macOSversion=0 <13.7.6; version=0 <14.7.6; version=0 <15.5
Apple · iPadOSversion=0 <17.7.7
Apple · watchOSversion=0 <11.5

Published CVSS scores

5.5CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-400Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
T1204.002User Execution: Malicious File

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo