CVE-2025-31239Network attack vector

Application crash via CoreMedia use-after-free

Published May 12, 2025 · Updated Apr 2, 2026

Use-after-free in CoreMedia in iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS, and watchOS allows remote attackers to crash an app via a crafted file. CoreMedia fails to validate attacker-controlled file data before a freed object is reused, corrupting the current process during parsing. Exploitation requires a user to visit a malicious page or open a malicious file; ZDI reports current-process code execution on macOS, while Apple reports app termination across platforms.

CVSS severity4.3
Medium
EPSS probability0.65%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Use-after-free in CoreMedia in iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS, and watchOS allows remote attackers to crash an app via a crafted file. CoreMedia fails to validate attacker-controlled file data before a freed object is reused, corrupting the current process during parsing. Exploitation requires a user to visit a malicious page or open a malicious file; ZDI reports current-process code execution on macOS, while Apple reports app termination across platforms.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-31239
Published
May 12, 2025
Updated
Apr 2, 2026
Vendor
Apple
Product
iOS and iPadOS
Classifications
CWE-416, T1204.002
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 12, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 2, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <18.5

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Apple · iOS and iPadOSversion=0 <18.5
Apple · visionOSversion=0 <2.5
Apple · tvOSversion=0 <18.5
Apple · macOSversion=0 <13.7.6; version=0 <14.7.6; version=0 <15.5
Apple · iPadOSversion=0 <17.7.7
Apple · watchOSversion=0 <11.5

Published CVSS scores

7.8Trend Micro Zero Day InitiativeCVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.3CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-416Use After Free
T1204.002Malicious File

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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