CVE-2025-31228

Physical lock-screen access to notes

Published May 12, 2025 · Updated Apr 2, 2026

Improper authentication in Apple Notes allows physically proximate attackers to read notes from an affected device's lock screen. Apple identifies the Notes component and says authentication was improved, but it does not disclose the faulty check or request path. Affected releases are iOS and iPadOS before 18.5 and iPadOS before 17.7.7; exploitation requires physical possession, and only note disclosure is reported.

CVSS severity6.8
Medium
EPSS probability0.31%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper authentication in Apple Notes allows physically proximate attackers to read notes from an affected device's lock screen. Apple identifies the Notes component and says authentication was improved, but it does not disclose the faulty check or request path. Affected releases are iOS and iPadOS before 18.5 and iPadOS before 17.7.7; exploitation requires physical possession, and only note disclosure is reported.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-31228
Published
May 12, 2025
Updated
Apr 2, 2026
Vendor
Apple
Product
iOS and iPadOS
Classifications
CWE-287, T1409
Attack vector
physical
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 12, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 2, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <18.5

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorphysical
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Apple · iOS and iPadOSversion=0 <18.5
Apple · iPadOSversion=0 <17.7.7

Published CVSS scores

6.8CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorphysical
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-287Improper Authentication
T1409Stored Application Data

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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