CVE-2025-31223Network attack vector

Memory corruption from crafted web content

Published May 12, 2025 · Updated Aug 27, 2026

Memory corruption in WebKit in affected Apple platforms and WebKitGTK allows attackers to corrupt process memory via crafted web content. Apple identifies WebKit bug 289387 and says improved checks address the issue, but the public record does not disclose the faulty operation or validation gap. Exploitation requires a target application to process attacker-controlled web content; the published impact is bounded to memory corruption, not confirmed code execution.

CVSS severity8.8
High
EPSS probability0.57%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Memory corruption in WebKit in affected Apple platforms and WebKitGTK allows attackers to corrupt process memory via crafted web content. Apple identifies WebKit bug 289387 and says improved checks address the issue, but the public record does not disclose the faulty operation or validation gap. Exploitation requires a target application to process attacker-controlled web content; the published impact is bounded to memory corruption, not confirmed code execution.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-31223
Published
May 12, 2025
Updated
Aug 27, 2026
Vendor
Apple
Product
iOS and iPadOS
Classifications
CWE-119, T1203
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 12, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 27, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <18.5

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Apple · iOS and iPadOSversion=0 <18.5
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Update Services for SAP SolutionsAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
Apple · visionOSversion=0 <2.5
Apple · Safariversion=0 <18.5
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Update Services for SAP SolutionsAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Telecommunications Update ServiceAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Update Services for SAP SolutionsAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
Apple · tvOSversion=0 <18.5
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Extended Update SupportAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Advanced Mission Critical Update SupportAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Extended Update Support Long-Life Add-OnAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
Apple · macOSversion=0 <15.5
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Advanced Update SupportAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
Apple · watchOSversion=0 <11.5
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9Affected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0 Update Services for SAP SolutionsAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Telecommunications Update ServiceAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Extended Lifecycle SupportAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Advanced Mission Critical Update SupportAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8Affected versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

8.8Red HatCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.0CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-119Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
T1203Exploitation for Client Execution

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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