CVE-2025-31181Public exploit

Process crash via null file-pointer close

Published Mar 27, 2025 · Updated Jun 26, 2026

NULL pointer dereference in Gnuplot before 6.1 allows local users to crash the plotting process through a crafted input file. In X11_graphics in term/x11.trm, an error path passes a null file pointer to fclose while starting an X11 plot, producing a zero-page read and segmentation fault. Triggering the flaw requires executing an attacker-controlled plotting file with the X11 terminal; the demonstrated consequence is termination of that Gnuplot process.

CVSS severity6.2
Medium
EPSS probability0.19%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

NULL pointer dereference in Gnuplot before 6.1 allows local users to crash the plotting process through a crafted input file. In X11_graphics in term/x11.trm, an error path passes a null file pointer to fclose while starting an X11 plot, producing a zero-page read and segmentation fault. Triggering the flaw requires executing an attacker-controlled plotting file with the X11 terminal; the demonstrated consequence is termination of that Gnuplot process.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-31181
Published
Mar 27, 2025
Updated
Jun 26, 2026
Vendor
Gnuplot
Product
Gnuplot
Classifications
CWE-476, T1499.004
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 27, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jun 26, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <6.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Gnuplot · Gnuplotversion=0 <6.1

Published CVSS scores

6.2Red HatCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-476NULL Pointer Dereference
T1499.004Application or System Exploitation

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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