CVE-2025-31129Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Arbitrary code execution via crafted session value

Published Mar 31, 2025 · Updated Apr 1, 2025

Deserialization in Jooby pac4j before 2.17.0 and 3.0.0.M1 through 3.6.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code. SessionStoreImpl#get treats b64~-prefixed session values as Base64-encoded Java objects and passes decoded bytes to ObjectInputStream.readObject without validating their origin or permitted classes. A remote attacker must place a crafted value in a session and induce processing of that key; successful exploitation runs code in the hosting application's context.

CVSS severity8.8
High
EPSS probability0.64%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Deserialization in Jooby pac4j before 2.17.0 and 3.0.0.M1 through 3.6.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code. SessionStoreImpl#get treats b64~-prefixed session values as Base64-encoded Java objects and passes decoded bytes to ObjectInputStream.readObject without validating their origin or permitted classes. A remote attacker must place a crafted value in a session and induce processing of that key; successful exploitation runs code in the hosting application's context.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-31129
Published
Mar 31, 2025
Updated
Apr 1, 2025
Vendor
Jooby Project
Product
Jooby
Classifications
CWE-502, T1203
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 31, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 1, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 2.17.0
  2. Affected versionversion=>= 3.0.0.M1, < 3.7.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Jooby Project · Joobyversion=< 2.17.0; version=>= 3.0.0.M1, < 3.7.0

Published CVSS scores

8.8GitHub Maintainer AdvisoryCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-502Deserialization of Untrusted Data
T1203Exploitation for Client Execution

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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