CVE-2025-31015Network attack vector

Unauthenticated PHP execution via local file inclusion

Published Apr 11, 2025 · Updated Apr 28, 2026

Local file inclusion in MailHawk 1.3.1 and earlier allows remote attackers to include and execute server-side PHP files. Public advisories do not identify the affected handler, parameter, or include operation, leaving the precise code-level mechanism undisclosed. The request requires no authentication, but Patchstack reports required user interaction; included files can disclose data or run PHP code.

CVSS severity7.5
High
EPSS probability0.88%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Local file inclusion in MailHawk 1.3.1 and earlier allows remote attackers to include and execute server-side PHP files. Public advisories do not identify the affected handler, parameter, or include operation, leaving the precise code-level mechanism undisclosed. The request requires no authentication, but Patchstack reports required user interaction; included files can disclose data or run PHP code.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-31015
Published
Apr 11, 2025
Updated
Apr 28, 2026
Vendor
Adrian Tobey
Product
MailHawk
Classifications
CWE-98, CAPEC-252, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 11, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 28, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <=1.3.1 changes=[{"at":"1.3.2","status":"unaffected"}]

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Adrian Tobey · MailHawkversion=0 <=1.3.1 changes=[{"at":"1.3.2","status":"unaffected"}]

Published CVSS scores

7.5PatchstackCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.8WordfenceCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-98Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion')
CAPEC-252PHP Local File Inclusion
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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