CVE-2025-30147Network attack vector

Consensus corruption via missing curve validation

Published May 7, 2025 · Updated May 7, 2025

Missing curve validation in Hyperledger Foundation besu-native 0.9.0 through 1.2.1 allows remote attackers to corrupt consensus state. The gnark-backed ALTBN128 precompiles treat subgroup membership as proof that an input point lies on the bn254 curve, so crafted off-curve points produce incorrect results. Exploitation requires execution of a crafted point through an affected native precompile and can split mixed-client networks or enshrine invalid state in Besu-only networks.

CVSS severity8.7
High
EPSS probability0.27%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Missing curve validation in Hyperledger Foundation besu-native 0.9.0 through 1.2.1 allows remote attackers to corrupt consensus state. The gnark-backed ALTBN128 precompiles treat subgroup membership as proof that an input point lies on the bn254 curve, so crafted off-curve points produce incorrect results. Exploitation requires execution of a crafted point through an affected native precompile and can split mixed-client networks or enshrine invalid state in Besu-only networks.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-30147
Published
May 7, 2025
Updated
May 7, 2025
Vendor
Hyperledger Foundation
Product
besu-native
Classifications
CWE-325
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 7, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 7, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=>= 0.9.0, < 1.3.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Hyperledger Foundation · besu-nativeversion=>= 0.9.0, < 1.3.0

Published CVSS scores

8.7GitHub CNACVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-325Missing Cryptographic Step

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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