CVE-2025-2962Network attack vector

Denial of service via recursive DNS pointers

Published Jun 24, 2025 · Updated Jun 24, 2025

An infinite loop in Zephyr RTOS 4.1.0 and earlier allows remote attackers to interrupt service through a crafted DNS response. The dns_copy_qname function follows compressed-name pointers without rejecting offsets already visited, so a self-reference or pointer cycle revisits the same positions indefinitely. The target must process the malicious DNS response; no authentication or user interaction is required, and the reported consequence is an availability interruption.

CVSS severity7.5
High
EPSS probability0.53%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

An infinite loop in Zephyr RTOS 4.1.0 and earlier allows remote attackers to interrupt service through a crafted DNS response. The dns_copy_qname function follows compressed-name pointers without rejecting offsets already visited, so a self-reference or pointer cycle revisits the same positions indefinitely. The target must process the malicious DNS response; no authentication or user interaction is required, and the reported consequence is an availability interruption.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-2962
Published
Jun 24, 2025
Updated
Jun 24, 2025
Vendor
Zephyr Project
Product
Zephyr RTOS
Classifications
CWE-835, T1499
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jun 24, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jun 24, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=* <=3.7.1
  2. Affected versionversion=* <=4.1.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Zephyr Project · Zephyr RTOSversion=* <=3.7.1; version=* <=4.1.0

Published CVSS scores

7.5Zephyr ProjectCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-835Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop')
T1499Endpoint Denial of Service

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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