CVE-2025-28029Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Unauthenticated code execution via crafted CGI requests

Published Apr 22, 2025 · Updated Apr 23, 2025

A buffer overflow in TOTOLINK router firmware allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code through crafted cstecgi.cgi requests. The disclosure names cstecgi.cgi but does not identify the parameter, copying routine, or unchecked operation that overwrites the stack buffer. The unauthenticated path affects A830R 4.1.2cu.5182_B20201102, A950RG 4.1.2cu.5161_B20200903, A3000RU 5.9c.5185_B20201128, and A3100R 4.1.2cu.5247_B20211129 without user interaction.

CVSS severity7.3
High
EPSS probability0.38%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

A buffer overflow in TOTOLINK router firmware allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code through crafted cstecgi.cgi requests. The disclosure names cstecgi.cgi but does not identify the parameter, copying routine, or unchecked operation that overwrites the stack buffer. The unauthenticated path affects A830R 4.1.2cu.5182_B20201102, A950RG 4.1.2cu.5161_B20200903, A3000RU 5.9c.5185_B20201128, and A3100R 4.1.2cu.5247_B20211129 without user interaction.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-28029
Published
Apr 22, 2025
Updated
Apr 23, 2025
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-121, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
Unavailable

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 22, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 23, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesUnavailable in this record.

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

7.3CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
PrivilegesUnavailable
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-121Stack-based Buffer Overflow
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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