CVE-2025-27845Network attack vector

Unauthenticated privilege escalation via leaked JWT secret

Published Aug 14, 2025 · Updated Aug 15, 2025

Authentication bypass in ESPEC North America Web Controller 3 before 3.3.4 allows remote attackers to gain elevated UI permissions. The /api/v4/auth/ endpoint returns a stack trace containing the JWT signing secret when login credentials are invalid. No valid account or user interaction is required; the exposed secret permits generation of accepted JWTs with privileges beyond those assigned to the attacker.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability0.43%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Authentication bypass in ESPEC North America Web Controller 3 before 3.3.4 allows remote attackers to gain elevated UI permissions. The /api/v4/auth/ endpoint returns a stack trace containing the JWT signing secret when login credentials are invalid. No valid account or user interaction is required; the exposed secret permits generation of accepted JWTs with privileges beyond those assigned to the attacker.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-27845
Published
Aug 14, 2025
Updated
Aug 15, 2025
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-200, T1550.001
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 14, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 15, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

9.8CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-200Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
T1550.001Application Access Token

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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